How Does a Business Loan Work: Your Complete Australian Guide
Complete guide to how does a business loan work in Australia. Compare options, rates, and eligibility. Expert advice from Esteb and Co.
In This Article
Securing how does a business loan work in Australia can help your business grow, manage cash flow, or purchase equipment. Here's what you need to know.
Understanding how does a business loan work
how does a business loan work options include term loans, lines of credit, equipment finance, invoice financing, and merchant cash advances. The right choice depends on your business needs and circumstances.
Types of Business Finance
| Finance Type | Amount Range | Term | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|
| Business Term Loan | $5K - $5M | 1-5 years | Growth, expansion |
| Line of Credit | $10K - $500K | Ongoing | Cash flow management |
| Equipment Finance | $5K - $2M | 1-7 years | Machinery, vehicles |
| Invoice Finance | Up to 85% of invoices | As needed | B2B with slow-paying clients |
Eligibility Requirements
- ABN - Active for 6-24 months (varies by lender)
- Revenue - Minimum $50K-$100K annual turnover
- Credit history - Clean preferred, options for impaired
- BAS/Financials - Recent BAS statements or financial reports
- Industry - Some industries have restrictions
Current Interest Rates
Business loan rates in Australia vary significantly based on security, loan type, and business strength:
- Secured business loans: 7.5% - 12%
- Unsecured business loans: 9% - 25%
- Equipment finance: 6.5% - 15%
- Line of credit: 8% - 18%
Business Finance Options in Australia
Australian businesses have access to diverse funding options, from traditional bank loans to alternative lenders and government-backed programs. The right choice depends on your business stage, funding needs, and how quickly you need the money.
Banks offer the lowest rates but have strict requirements. Alternative lenders provide faster approval with less documentation but charge higher rates. Many businesses use a mix of funding sources for different purposes.
Types of Business Finance
| Product | Amount | Best For | Typical Rates |
|---|---|---|---|
| Term Loan | $20K - $5M+ | Equipment, expansion, working capital | 7% - 15% |
| Business Line of Credit | $10K - $500K | Cash flow management, flexibility | 8% - 18% |
| Invoice Finance | Up to 90% of invoices | B2B businesses with slow-paying clients | 2% - 5% per invoice |
| Equipment Finance | $5K - $2M+ | Vehicles, machinery, technology | 6% - 12% |
| Merchant Cash Advance | $5K - $500K | Retail/hospitality with card sales | 15% - 40% factor rate |
| Small Business Loan | $5K - $100K | Startups, small businesses | 10% - 25% |
What Lenders Require
- Trading history - Most want 6-24 months; some alternative lenders accept 3 months
- Annual revenue - Minimum thresholds vary ($50K - $500K+ depending on product)
- BAS statements - Usually last 4-6 quarters
- Bank statements - 3-6 months of business account history
- Financial statements - Banks want accountant-prepared financials; alternatives may accept management accounts
- Business plan - Required for larger loans or startups
- Personal guarantee - Directors typically guarantee business loans
- Security - Property or equipment security reduces rates
Government Support Programs
Australian governments offer several programs to support small business lending:
- SME Guarantee Scheme - Government guarantees 50% of eligible loans up to $5M, making approval easier
- Export Finance Australia - Supports businesses involved in export activities
- State-based programs - Various grants and concessional loans by state (check business.gov.au)
- R&D Tax Incentive - Tax offsets for eligible research and development activities
- Instant Asset Write-off - Immediate deduction for eligible business assets
A broker or accountant can help identify programs your business may qualify for.
Choosing the Right Business Finance
Match your finance type to your specific needs:
| Business Need | Best Finance Option | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Equipment purchase | Equipment/Asset Finance | Asset as security, potential tax benefits |
| Cash flow gaps | Business Line of Credit | Draw only what you need, pay interest on usage |
| Slow-paying invoices | Invoice Finance | Unlock cash tied up in receivables |
| Expansion/Growth | Term Loan | Structured repayments, larger amounts |
| Seasonal business | Overdraft or Merchant Advance | Flexible access aligned to revenue |
Preparing a Strong Application
Increase your approval chances with proper preparation:
- Organise financials - BAS statements, bank statements, profit & loss, balance sheet
- Show consistent revenue - Steady or growing income is more attractive than volatile
- Explain your business - Lenders assess industry risk; help them understand yours
- Document loan purpose - Clear explanation of how funds will be used and benefit the business
- Address any issues - Explain any past problems, show how they're resolved
- Personal financial position - Directors' personal credit and assets often factor in
Tax Considerations for Business Finance
Business finance has tax implications worth discussing with your accountant:
- Interest deductibility - Interest on business loans is generally tax deductible
- Chattel mortgage - May allow GST claim on purchase, interest deductible, depreciation benefits
- Hire purchase - Depreciation on asset, interest component deductible
- Operating lease - Entire payment potentially deductible as operating expense
- Instant asset write-off - Eligible assets may be fully deductible in purchase year
The best structure depends on your business situation, cash flow, and tax position. Professional advice is recommended.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: How quickly can I get approved?
A: Some online lenders offer same-day approval for smaller amounts. Larger or secured loans typically take 1-2 weeks.
Q: Do I need security?
A: Not always. Unsecured business loans are available but have higher rates. Property or equipment security can significantly reduce your rate.
Q: Can I get a loan for a new business?
A: Yes, though options are limited. Start-up loans typically require strong personal credit, a solid business plan, and often personal guarantees.
Q: What documents do I need?
A: Typically: 6-12 months bank statements, recent BAS, financial statements, ID, and details of loan purpose.
Q: Can I get a business loan as a sole trader?
A: Yes. Sole traders can access business loans, though options may be more limited than for companies. You'll need ABN registration, BAS history, and bank statements. Some lenders specifically cater to sole traders.
Q: How fast can I get business funding?
A: Online lenders can approve and fund within 24-48 hours. Traditional banks take 2-6 weeks. Invoice finance can be set up within a week and then provides ongoing access to funds.
Q: Do I need security for a business loan?
A: Not always. Unsecured business loans are available up to $250K-$500K for established businesses. Secured loans against property or equipment offer lower rates and higher amounts.
Q: What if my business is less than 12 months old?
A: Options include startup loans (higher rates), revenue-based financing if you have sales, or using personal assets/guarantees. Some lenders accept 6 months trading history.
Find Out What You Qualify For
Compare rates from 83+ lenders in just 2 minutes.
No credit check • No obligation • 100% free
Check Your Options Now →Prefer to talk? Call 0424 406 977